Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Respiration01:24

Factors Affecting Respiration

Respiration is a crucial physiological function involving exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between an organism and its environment. Various factors can impact this essential process:
Respiration and Gaseous Exchange01:20

Respiration and Gaseous Exchange

The intricate interplay between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is crucial for efficiently transporting respiratory gases throughout the body. Let us explore the cardiovascular system's multifaceted functions, emphasizing its pivotal role in gas exchange.
Respiration involves the exchange of gases, especially oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), between the alveoli and body cells, a process facilitated by blood circulation. As a result, the cardiovascular system, which involves the...
Hemoglobin01:24

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is a globular protein made up of four subunits. Two of these subunits are alpha chains, and the other two are beta chains. Each subunit contains a molecule of heme, which has an iron atom and can bind to oxygen. When an oxygen molecule binds to one heme group, it changes the shape of hemoglobin, making it easier for the other heme groups to bind oxygen as well.
When all four heme groups are bound to oxygen, the resulting molecule is called oxyhemoglobin. As a result, arterial blood...
Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis01:24

Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis

The cardiovascular system regulates the number of erythrocytes in the bloodstream to ensure optimal oxygen transport. It also prevents over-proliferation of these cells, which helps to maintain blood viscosity and flow rate.
Several factors influence the erythrocyte production rate, with tissue oxygen level being among the most critical. Intense exercise or high altitudes can cause tissue hypoxia, which triggers the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream.
EPO then...
Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Summary of the task force report on occupational respiratory disease.

Canadian Medical Association journal·2010
Same author

Donor attitudes about exporting and importing blood.

Transfusion·1997
Same author

The prevalence of anti-latex IgE antibodies in 1000 volunteer blood donors.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·1996
Same author

Novel B219/OB receptor isoforms: possible role of leptin in hematopoiesis and reproduction.

Nature medicine·1996
Same author

Patterns of use of group O, Rh-negative red cells in a large metropolitan area and an action plan to control utilization.

Transfusion·1996
Same author

Direct oral questions to blood donors: the impact on screening for human immunodeficiency virus.

Transfusion·1994

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy
09:04

Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Published on: February 20, 2018

Acute changes in oxyhemoglobin affinity. Effects on oxygen transport and utilization.

T E Riggs, A W Shafer, C A Guenter

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |October 1, 1973
    PubMed
    Summary

    An acute increase in red blood cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) depletion reduced oxyhemoglobin affinity. This shift decreased mixed venous P(O2) without impacting oxygen consumption or cardiac output.

    More Related Videos

    Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice
    10:00

    Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice

    Published on: March 15, 2019

    Near-Infrared Spectroscopy During Reactive Hyperemia for the Assessment of Lower Limb Vascular Function
    04:44

    Near-Infrared Spectroscopy During Reactive Hyperemia for the Assessment of Lower Limb Vascular Function

    Published on: March 22, 2024

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

    Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy
    09:04

    Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy

    Published on: February 20, 2018

    Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice
    10:00

    Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice

    Published on: March 15, 2019

    Near-Infrared Spectroscopy During Reactive Hyperemia for the Assessment of Lower Limb Vascular Function
    04:44

    Near-Infrared Spectroscopy During Reactive Hyperemia for the Assessment of Lower Limb Vascular Function

    Published on: March 22, 2024

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) influences oxygen delivery by altering oxyhemoglobin affinity.
    • The impact of acute oxyhemoglobin affinity changes on oxygen transport, independent of red cell mass, requires systematic evaluation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of an acute increase in oxyhemoglobin affinity on oxygen transport and consumption.
    • To evaluate changes induced by an autologous exchange transfusion using DPG-depleted stored blood in rhesus monkeys.

    Main Methods:

    • Collected blood from 10 rhesus monkeys and stored it in acid-citrate-dextrose.
    • Performed an autologous exchange transfusion with DPG-depleted stored blood.
    • Measured hemodynamic data, oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve (P50), red cell DPG levels, and mixed venous P(O2) before and after transfusion.

    Main Results:

    • Transfusion caused a leftward shift in the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve (P50 decreased from 33.9 to 27.2 mm Hg) due to reduced red cell DPG.
    • Mixed venous P(O2) significantly decreased from 35.3 to 27.9 mm Hg.
    • No significant changes were observed in pH, P(CO2), cardiac output, or oxygen consumption.

    Conclusions:

    • An acute leftward shift in the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve, induced by DPG depletion, leads to a significant decrease in mixed venous P(O2).
    • This physiological response occurs without compensatory increases in cardiac output or oxygen consumption, and without inducing acidosis.