Nano-bio interface modulation using Garcinia spicata-capped silver nanoparticles (GS-AgNPs) for combating...

The aim of this study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the leaf extract of Garcinia spicata (GS). The biosynthesized GS-AgNPs were confirmed by the appearance of a characteristic surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 420 nm using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Further, the morphology, biomolecular capping, and crystalline structure of GS-AgNPs were carried out using advanced analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization, Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) and field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The FESEM images exhibited a spherical shape with diameter in the range of 30-60 nm. These nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity toward multi-drugs resistant bacterial pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a concentration of 12 µg/mL. Furthermore, their anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated through protein-denaturation, membrane stabilization and nitric oxide scavenging assays, all of which demonstrated notable inhibition of inflammatory mediators. These findings suggest potential of GS as a promising and sustainable source for the phyto-assisted synthesis of GS-AgNPs with potential applications in antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapies. Based on available information, this work is the first to report the greener synthesis of GS-AgNPs using Garcinia spicata leaf extracts.