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Mapping Digital Nudges and Recommender Systems for Obesity Prevention: Scoping Review.

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Summary

Combining recommender systems and digital nudges shows promise for obesity prevention by encouraging healthier nutrition and physical activity. However, varied study designs limit conclusions on effectiveness, necessitating further research for robust health outcomes.

Keywords:
digital healthdigital interventiondigital nudgeslifestyleobesity preventionphysical activityrecommender systemssedentary behavior

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Recommender systems and digital nudges can enhance information organization and guide user behavior.
  • A gap exists in utilizing these tools for health promotion, specifically in preventing overweight and obesity.
  • Digital nudges and recommender systems can support sustained healthier choices in nutrition and physical activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the application of digital nudges and recommender systems in obesity prevention.
  • To address the gap in understanding how these technologies can encourage healthier lifestyles.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Searched 7 bibliographic databases up to October 2023, selecting 68 articles.
  • Eligibility was determined using the PCC framework, with 94 user evaluations included.

Main Results:

  • Most studies focused on nutrition (53%) or physical activity (23%) using recommender systems.
  • Digital nudges primarily targeted nutrition (16%), with less focus on physical activity or sedentary behavior.
  • Significant heterogeneity in methods and reporting was observed, with a discrepancy between developed and evaluated user groups.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating digital nudges and recommender systems offers potential for obesity prevention.
  • Heterogeneity in study design and reporting limits definitive conclusions on effectiveness.
  • Future research requires standardized definitions, mechanism descriptions, and rigorous evaluations for improved health outcomes.