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Autistic children and their parents during war - A mixed-methods study.

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Autistic children and their parents experienced greater psychological distress, including higher post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depression, and anxiety, following the Israel-Hamas War. Targeted mental health support is crucial for these vulnerable families.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • War exposure elevates children's risk for post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS).
  • Autistic children exhibit heightened vulnerability to war-related psychological distress.
  • Understanding the impact on families, particularly those with autistic children, is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the psychological effects of war exposure on autistic and non-autistic children and their parents.
  • To compare the mental health outcomes between families of autistic and non-autistic children post-conflict.
  • To identify predictors of psychological distress and qualitative experiences within these families.

Main Methods:

  • Mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews.
  • 72 parents of children aged 3-17 (38 autistic, 34 non-autistic) completed standardized psychological measures.
  • Qualitative data from 22 parents (12 autistic) explored experiences of difficulties, coping, routine, and functioning.

Main Results:

  • Parents of autistic children reported significantly higher depression, anxiety, and PTSS than parents of non-autistic children.
  • Autistic children exhibited higher PTSS compared to their non-autistic peers.
  • Parental PTSS and anxiety predicted child PTSS; parental PTSS was the strongest predictor for autistic children's families.

Conclusions:

  • Autistic children and their parents face unique vulnerabilities and increased psychological distress during wartime.
  • War exacerbates existing challenges for autistic individuals, including reliance on routine and specialized support.
  • Tailored mental health and community support are essential for the psychological well-being of families affected by war, especially those with autistic members.