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Speech-in-noise perception and spectro-temporal resolution in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Esma Çağal Karabulut1, Halide Çetin Kara2, Ahmet Yavuz Yaman3

  • 1Department of Audiology, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye; Audiology Unit, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Hospital, Çanakkale, Türkiye.

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Summary

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) show impaired speech-in-noise perception and temporal processing, but not spectral resolution. This suggests timing deficits contribute to auditory challenges in OCD.

Keywords:
Auditory processingCompulsionObsessionSignal-to-noise ratioSpectral resolutionTemporal resolution

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with various cognitive deficits.
  • Auditory processing, particularly in noisy environments, is often challenging for individuals with OCD.
  • The specific nature of auditory processing deficits in OCD requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate speech-in-noise perception in individuals with OCD.
  • To assess spectro-temporal resolution skills, including spectral and temporal resolution, in OCD.
  • To explore the relationship between OCD symptom severity and auditory performance.

Main Methods:

  • 84 adults (42 with OCD, 42 controls) with normal hearing participated.
  • Speech-in-noise perception was measured using the Turkish Matrix Test (TURMatrix).
  • Spectral resolution was assessed with the Spectral-Temporally Modulated Ripple Test (SMRT), and temporal resolution with the Gap-In-Noise Test (GIN).

Main Results:

  • Individuals with OCD demonstrated significantly poorer speech-in-noise perception (TURMatrix) and temporal resolution (GIN) compared to controls.
  • Spectral resolution (SMRT) did not differ significantly between the groups.
  • OCD duration correlated with temporal resolution deficits, but symptom severity (Y-BOCS, BDI, BAI) did not.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with OCD exhibit deficits in speech-in-noise perception linked to impaired temporal resolution, while spectral resolution remains intact.
  • These findings suggest that timing-related processing deficits contribute to auditory difficulties in OCD.
  • The results highlight potential targets for auditory-cognitive rehabilitation in OCD.