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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

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Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
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Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

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Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
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Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

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Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
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Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

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Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
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Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

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Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
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Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
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Cardiovascular Complications During Delivery Hospitalizations in Patients With Infective Endocarditis.

Ankit Agrawal1, Ahmad Safdar2, Umesh Bhagat2

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|April 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infective endocarditis (IE) in pregnancy significantly increases the risk of severe complications and mortality during delivery hospitalizations. This serious heart infection requires careful monitoring and management in pregnant patients.

Keywords:
deliveryinfective endocarditismaternal complicationspregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) during pregnancy is a rare but critical condition associated with elevated maternal morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding the specific risks and outcomes for pregnant patients with IE is crucial for clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the risk factors and outcomes of infective endocarditis in pregnant patients.
  • To compare the incidence of in-hospital medical and obstetric complications in pregnant patients with and without IE.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the National Inpatient Sample database for delivery hospitalizations from 2011 to 2020.
  • Employed propensity score matching to analyze the association between IE and adverse outcomes.
  • Included a large cohort of over 37 million delivery hospitalizations, with 2020 cases of IE.

Main Results:

  • Pregnant patients with IE exhibited a higher frequency of complications, including in-hospital mortality, preeclampsia/eclampsia, peripartum cardiomyopathy, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), stroke, acute kidney injury (AKI), pulmonary edema, cardiac arrhythmias, and venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  • Propensity-matched analysis confirmed IE significantly elevates the risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 16.50), AKI (OR 30.70), stroke (OR 18.00), cardiac arrhythmias (OR 4.67), and VTE (OR 7.50).

Conclusions:

  • Delivery hospitalizations in pregnant individuals with infective endocarditis carry a substantial risk of mortality and severe complications.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management of IE in pregnancy are essential to mitigate adverse outcomes.