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Global prevalence of technostress among users of information and communication technologies: a meta-analysis and
Serena Say Lin Phua1, Ying Lau2, Wen Wei Ang3
1Department of Nursing, Woodlands Hospital, National Healthcare Group, Singapore.
Background:
Technostress can harm the performance and well-being of users of information and communication, but no review has determined its global prevalence.
Objectives:
This systematic review (1) investigates the global prevalence of high technostress among information and communication technologies (ICT) users and (2) identifies the factors affecting the prevalence estimates.
Methods:
A comprehensive three-step search was conducted across nine databases. The meta and metafor packages in R software were used to perform meta-analyses, subgroup analyses, and meta-regression analyses. The random effect model, the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method, along with the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation, was employed. A mixed methods appraisal tool was used to evaluate the studies' quality. Certainty of evidence was assessed.
Results:
A total of 65 prevalence results in 61 publications involving 18,535 ICT users across 23 countries were included. The global prevalence of high technostress was 40% [95% CI: 32% to 49%]. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed that country development, types of technostress, pandemic period, and the years of publication significantly influenced the prevalence estimates.
Conclusion:
Technostress requires a gold standard of definition and measure. Organizations should therefore implement preventive and protective measures to reduce the risk of developing technostress and minimize its adverse effects.
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