Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

873
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
873
Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

111
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
111
Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

83
The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
83
Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

128
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
128
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

7.8K
Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
7.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

CHAIN Cohort: Prospective Multicenter Study of MASLD With Serial Liver Stiffness Assessments in Cardiovascular Care.

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·2026
Same author

Harmonized metagenomic signatures of the gut microbiome reveal robust species, functions, and strain links to inflammatory bowel disease.

Gastroenterology·2026
Same author

γ-GC mitigates MASLD by reducing CD36 palmitoylation and plasma membrane translocation mediated by AKT/KLF10/zDHHC7 axis.

Nutrition & metabolism·2026
Same author

The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Association between Air Pollution and Cognitive Function in Older Adults.

Environmental health perspectives·2026
Same author

Gut microbiota associates with frailty in older women.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Strong Adhesives Mediated by Dynamic Phase-Locking.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins
09:40

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

Published on: June 11, 2015

13.0K

Multi-kingdom profiling reveals altered gut phage-bacteria-metabolite interactions in MASLD.

Xiaofeng Zhou1,2, Da Zhou3,4, Yanni Pu1,2

  • 1Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Nature Communications
|April 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) involves gut microbes, viruses, and fungi. This study reveals a disrupted phage-bacteria-metabolite axis in MASLD, offering new diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

More Related Videos

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

31.6K
Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection
09:49

Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection

Published on: November 18, 2022

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins
09:40

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

Published on: June 11, 2015

13.0K
Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

31.6K
Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection
09:49

Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection

Published on: November 18, 2022

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is linked to gut dysbiosis.
  • Previous research primarily focused on bacterial communities, neglecting viral and fungal roles and their interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the coordinated disruption of bacterial, viral, and fungal communities in MASLD.
  • To explore the phage-bacteria-metabolite axis and its association with bile acid changes in MASLD.
  • To identify potential non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for MASLD.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated shotgun metagenomics, fungal ITS2 sequencing, fecal metabolomics, and clinical profiling in 210 MASLD patients and 210 controls.
  • Analyzed cross-kingdom ecological networks and phage-host interactions.
  • Developed a diagnostic classifier using bacterial, viral, and clinical features.

Main Results:

  • MASLD exhibits reduced microbial diversity and remodeled cross-kingdom ecological networks.
  • Ruminococcus gnavus was enriched, while Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and its bacteriophages were depleted.
  • A disrupted phage-bacteria-metabolite axis, altered bile acids (e.g., isodeoxycholic acid), and impaired F. prausnitzii fitness were observed.
  • A diagnostic classifier achieved high accuracy in distinguishing MASLD patients.

Conclusions:

  • MASLD is characterized by a coordinated, multi-kingdom microbial disruption and a disturbed phage-bacteria-metabolite axis.
  • Findings suggest diminished phage control contributes to R. gnavus expansion and disease progression.
  • The study provides a multi-kingdom framework for MASLD biomarker discovery and microbiome-targeted therapies.