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Association between bariatric surgery and long-term ability to perform household tasks in the Swedish Obese Subjects
Petra Brembeck1, Johanna C Andersson-Assarsson2, Markku Peltonen3
1Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Background:
Obesity negatively impacts quality of life and reduces the ability to perform daily activities. While bariatric surgery typically results in sustained weight loss, its long-term impact on functional abilities remains insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term association between bariatric surgery and the ability to perform household tasks.
Methods:
The ability to perform household tasks was assessed using the standardized Home Management category of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) scale in 1641 bariatric surgery patients and 1656 usual obesity care controls from the Swedish Obese Subjects study. Assessments were conducted at baseline and multiple follow-ups over a 20-year period. Patients (aged 37-60 years, BMI ≥ 34 kg/m2 for men and ≥ 38 kg/m2 for women) were recruited between 1987 and 2001. Analyses were adjusted for sex, and baseline age, BMI, cohabitation status, and weekly working hours as well as year of study inclusion.
Results:
At baseline, the score of the Home Management category of the SIP scale was higher in the surgery group than in controls, indicating greater home management dysfunction. Within the first year, however, the surgery group showed significant improvement, attaining a lower score than the control group (4.9 ± 12.4 vs. 7.0 ± 14.1; p < 0.001). This improvement persisted throughout 20 years of follow-up, with an adjusted score difference of - 3.2 (95% CI: - 3.9 to - 2.6; p < 0.001). Dysfunction in home management followed similar trajectories over time in both sexes but women consistently reported greater dysfunction than men. In the surgery group, individuals who regained weight reported significantly higher dysfunction in home management during 20 years of follow-up than those who maintained weight (adjusted score difference 1.3, 95% CI: 0.2 to 2.4; p = 0.020).
Conclusions:
Bariatric surgery was associated with improved home management within the first year compared with usual obesity care, and this benefit was sustained over time. These findings suggest that significant sustained weight loss provides lasting improvements in daily functioning.
Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01479452.
