Dynamic evolution of characteristic flavor molecules in Yunnan arabica coffee during roasting revealed with a
Yun Niu1, Xiaoping Fu1, Zhuqing Zhou1
1College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Abstract:
This study aims to meticulously track the comprehensive dynamic changes of Yunnan Arabica coffee during roasting, including quality indicators, moisture migration characteristics, overall metabolite profiles, and sensory attributes. Notably, 915 non-volatile metabolites and 1716 volatile metabolites from five coffee beans sourced at different roasting stages were detected with UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS and HS-SPME-GC × GC-TOF-MS. Among them, flavonoids have been confirmed to be abundant in coffee beans. The subsequent correlation analysis and the successful detection of quercetin-glucose adduct (HF-3) further indicated that these compounds and their high-temperature reaction derivatives may be related to the mild and appropriate bitterness observed in the sensory evaluation. Furthermore, flavor clustering and Mantel analysis revealed that acetaldehyde, 2-pentyl-furan, (E)-2-octenal, and methyl isovalerate significantly contributed to the characteristic floral and fruity aroma, while 2,3-butanedione played a crucial role in presenting a sweet caramel scent. These results established a groundwork for controlling and improving the flavors of roasted Yunnan Arabica coffee.
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