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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

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CHI3L1 Is Associated With TP53 Signaling and Promotes Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Progression.

Fen Cai1, Ya'nan Zhou2, Yeran Yang2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hebei Children's Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

Cancer Reports (Hoboken, N.J.)
|April 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) acts as an oncogene in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), promoting tumor cell proliferation by downregulating the TP53 pathway. This finding highlights CHI3L1 as a potential therapeutic target for PTC.

Keywords:
CHI3L1TP53 pathwaymigrationpapillary thyroid carcinomaproliferation

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy.
  • Understanding the molecular drivers of PTC progression is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of CHI3L1 in PTC progression.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying CHI3L1's function in PTC.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of public datasets for CHI3L1 expression in PTC.
  • In vitro (cell proliferation, invasion, migration assays) and in vivo (nude mouse xenograft) experiments to assess CHI3L1 function.
  • Transcriptomic analysis and real-time quantitative PCR to identify molecular pathways involved.

Main Results:

  • CHI3L1 expression is upregulated in PTC and associated with poorer survival rates.
  • CHI3L1 knockdown suppressed tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and in vivo.
  • Transcriptomic analysis revealed CHI3L1 knockdown affects TP53 signaling and migration-related pathways.

Conclusions:

  • CHI3L1 functions as an oncogene in PTC, promoting tumor growth and progression.
  • CHI3L1 exerts its oncogenic effects partly through the downregulation of the TP53 pathway.
  • CHI3L1 represents a promising molecular target for novel therapeutic strategies in PTC.