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pH-Driven Modulation of Microbial Community Structure and Functional Succession in Fallen Oak Logs.

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Deadwood decomposition is influenced by pH, affecting microbial communities and nutrient cycling. Lower pH can increase microbial diversity and network complexity, while specific bacterial groups thrive in higher pH environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Forest Ecology
  • Microbial Ecology
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Deadwood is a crucial carbon sink in forests, supporting diverse microbial life.
  • Microbial community structure and metabolism in deadwood are significantly influenced by pH, especially during later decomposition stages.
  • pH gradients in decomposing wood correlate with nutrient availability and lignocellulolytic enzyme activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how pH influences microbial community structure, function, and nutrient utilization in decomposing Quercus liaotungensis logs.
  • To understand the ecological strategies of fungi and bacteria in response to varying pH conditions.
  • To identify key microbial taxa associated with different pH levels during deadwood decomposition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ITS and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to analyze microbial community structure.
  • Assessed changes in available nutrients and lignocellulolytic enzyme activity.
  • Employed co-occurrence network analysis to explore fungal-bacterial interactions.

Main Results:

  • Low pH (<4.5) suppressed lignocellulosic enzyme activity but increased microbial diversity and network modularity.
  • Bacterial communities displayed niche differentiation under varying pH conditions.
  • The bacterial order Micrococcales was identified as a core group in high-pH environments.

Conclusions:

  • pH is a key regulator of microbial nutrient utilization and metabolic adjustments in deadwood decomposition.
  • Distinct fungal and bacterial strategies emerge in response to pH gradients.
  • This research provides insights into pH-driven nutrient transformation processes in forest ecosystems.