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Related Concept Videos

Parental Care00:55

Parental Care

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Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
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Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

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The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

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The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

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Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
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Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube...
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Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding01:26

Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding

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Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine through a tube. This method is appropriate for patients who cannot eat but still have a functioning digestive system. It is also beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties, anorexia, malabsorption, or those who have undergone gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
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Providing Choice: Exploring Maternal Perceptions of Infant Feeding When Supplementation Is Required.

Oby Ezeigbo1, Jannette Festival2, Christine Ou3

  • 1Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Maternal & Child Nutrition
|April 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Choosing donor human milk for infant supplementation positively impacted maternal mental health and reduced stress associated with breastfeeding. This option offers peace of mind and a feasible alternative to formula for new mothers.

Keywords:
breastfeedingdonor human milkformulafull‐term infantsmaternal mental healthpostpartumsupplementation

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Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes
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Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes
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Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes

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Area of Science:

  • Human Lactation and Infant Nutrition
  • Maternal Mental Health and Well-being
  • Qualitative Health Research

Background:

  • Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for six months, but many infants need supplementation.
  • Formula is the common supplement, but donor human milk is an emerging alternative for full-term infants.
  • Maternal experiences with infant feeding choices, particularly supplementation, require further understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore maternal experiences when choosing donor human milk over formula for infant supplementation.
  • To understand the impact of donor human milk choice on maternal well-being and infant feeding dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative descriptive study involving 15 semi-structured interviews with mothers who supplemented with donor human milk.
  • Interviews explored feeding goals, perceptions of donor milk, infant feeding experiences, and maternal well-being.
  • Data analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Four themes emerged: feeding experience, supplementation, maternal well-being, and feasibility.
  • Choosing donor human milk positively influenced maternal mental health, reducing stress and providing peace of mind.
  • Participants perceived donor human milk as a feasible, breastmilk-similar option during breastfeeding establishment.

Conclusions:

  • Donor human milk supplementation can be a feasible intervention to mitigate maternal distress.
  • Offering a choice of donor human milk may enhance maternal well-being during the critical early weeks of infant feeding.
  • This choice supports mothers aiming for exclusive breastfeeding while addressing supplementation needs.