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Precision Design of Single-Atom Catalysts for High-Performance Biosensors.

Xianhong Wang1, Xinlu Ye1, Zhenhui Li2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Fibers and Composites, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.

Chemical Record (New York, N.Y.)
|April 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) offer enhanced biosensing performance by improving sensitivity and selectivity. Tailored SAC design can overcome biocompatibility issues, advancing diagnostic tools.

Keywords:
biosensorsdetection mechanismselectrochemiluminescencesingle‐atom catalysts

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Biosensors are vital for diagnostics but struggle with sensitivity, selectivity, and stability.
  • Single-atom catalysts (SACs) offer high catalytic activity due to atomically dispersed active sites.
  • Integrating SACs into biosensors is challenging due to poor biocompatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the relationship between SAC atomic structure and biosensing performance.
  • To analyze recent advancements in SAC-based biosensors across various platforms.
  • To identify challenges and future directions for SACs in biosensing.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of SAC-based biosensors.
  • Analysis of structure-property relationships in SACs for catalysis.
  • Evaluation of SAC performance in electrochemical, colorimetric, electrochemiluminescence, and photoelectrochemical sensing platforms.

Main Results:

  • SACs demonstrate tunable catalytic activity and selectivity based on atomic structure.
  • Tailored SAC design can achieve both high catalytic efficiency and improved biocompatibility.
  • SACs have shown enhanced performance in real-sample analysis across different biosensing platforms.

Conclusions:

  • SACs represent a promising strategy to overcome limitations in current biosensor technology.
  • Further research into SAC synthesis and biocompatible integration is crucial for clinical translation.
  • Optimizing SAC atomic structures is key to advancing high-performance biosensing applications.