Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Prognostic Indicators in Heart Failure - The Role of Phase Angle and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
04:05

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Prognostic Indicators in Heart Failure - The Role of Phase Angle and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

Published on: June 30, 2023

3.1K

Association Between Albumin-Corrected Anion Gap and Mortality in ICU Patients With Acute Heart Failure: A MIMIC-IV

Huijuan Pu1, Guoping Zhao1, Yumin Wang2

  • 1Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China, xzmc.edu.cn.

Cardiovascular Therapeutics
|April 20, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Albumin-corrected anion gap (ACAG) is linked to increased mortality in acute heart failure (AHF) patients. Higher ACAG levels indicate a greater risk of death, suggesting ACAG as a potential prognostic tool for AHF.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The prognostic significance of albumin-corrected anion gap (ACAG) in acute heart failure (AHF) patients is not well-established.
  • Previous studies suggest ACAG is associated with adverse outcomes in critically ill individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ACAG levels and all-cause mortality in patients with AHF.
  • To determine if ACAG can serve as a prognostic marker in AHF.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 2754 AHF patients from the MIMIC-IV database.
  • Patients categorized into tertiles based on ACAG levels.
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazards models, and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to assess mortality risks at 30, 90, 180, and 365 days.

Main Results:

  • Elevated ACAG levels significantly correlated with increased 30- and 365-day all-cause mortality (log-rank p < 0.001).
  • The highest ACAG tertile (T3) showed a higher mortality risk compared to the lowest (T1).
  • A nonlinear relationship was observed; each 1-unit increase in ACAG above certain thresholds was associated with a 9% increase in 30-day mortality risk (HR 1.09) and an 8% increase in 365-day mortality risk (HR 1.08).

Conclusions:

  • Albumin-corrected anion gap is significantly associated with all-cause mortality in AHF patients.
  • ACAG demonstrates potential as a valuable prognostic biomarker for predicting outcomes in AHF.
Abstract

Keywords:
acute heart failurealbumin-corrected anion gapall-cause mortalityintensive care unit

More Related Videos

Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics11:02

Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics

Published on: November 29, 2024

1.5K
Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure05:16

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

Published on: June 10, 2025

801

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...