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Defect-Related Photoluminescence in Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Modulated by Carbonate Incorporation.

Thales R Machado1, Lívia G Pacífico1, Marylyn S Arai1

  • 1GNANONanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, IFSCUSP, 13566-590 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.

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Summary

Carbonate incorporation in hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles enhances photoluminescence by increasing defects. Thermal treatment further boosts luminescence, showing potential for bioimaging applications.

Keywords:
bioimagingcarbonatesdefectshydroxyapatiteluminescencenanomedicinenanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Solid State Chemistry

Background:

  • Defect-related photoluminescence in hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles is crucial for applications like photocatalysis and bioimaging.
  • Understanding the electronic structure and charge carrier dynamics of HA is essential for material advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural and compositional factors influencing the intrinsic photoluminescence of HA nanoparticles.
  • To explore the impact of carbonate content and thermal treatment on HA photoluminescence properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of HA nanoparticles with varying carbonate content (0.6–10.9 wt%) via chemical precipitation at room temperature.
  • Thermal treatment of synthesized HA nanoparticles at 400 and 450 °C.
  • Characterization of photoluminescence properties under 405 nm excitation.

Main Results:

  • Increased carbonate incorporation enhanced photoluminescence, with a primary band at 438 nm.
  • Thermal treatment amplified emission intensity, especially in high-carbonate samples, causing a red-shift to ~583 nm.
  • Changes attributed to increased structural disorder, reduced crystallite size, and higher defect densities (VCa, VOH, VO) due to carbonate substitution and water elimination.

Conclusions:

  • Carbonate content significantly modulates photoluminescence in HA nanoparticles by altering defect densities.
  • Thermal treatment further influences luminescence, with carbonate playing a key role in both as-synthesized and treated HA.
  • Citrate-functionalized carbonated HA nanoparticles show promise for cellular bioimaging applications.