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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players
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Maximum-Speed Warm-Up Without External Load Improves the Chest Pass Distance in Female Basketball Players.

Akira Iwata1

  • 1Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.

International Journal of Exercise Science
|April 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Maximum-speed warm-ups significantly improved chest pass distance in young female basketball players by enhancing upper-limb power. This accessible, non-weight-bearing method offers practical benefits for performance enhancement.

Keywords:
High-velocity movementball passingdynamic movementexplosive passing

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Chest pass distance is a key performance indicator in basketball, reflecting upper-limb power.
  • Effective warm-up strategies are crucial for optimizing athletic performance and preventing injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a maximum-speed, non-weight-bearing warm-up on chest pass distance in young female basketball players.
  • To compare the effects of maximum-speed, slow-speed, and control warm-up conditions on upper-limb power expression.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized crossover design involving 45 young female basketball players.
  • Three warm-up conditions: maximum-speed dynamic upper-limb exercises, slow-speed exercises, and a control (sitting).
  • Measurement of chest pass distance before and after each warm-up condition.

Main Results:

  • The maximum-speed warm-up significantly increased chest pass distance by 6.0% (0.50 m) in 93% of participants (p<0.01).
  • No significant changes in chest pass distance were observed following the slow-speed (p=0.11) or control (p=0.36) conditions.
  • Potential physiological mechanisms include enhanced muscle power, increased muscle temperature, and improved neuromuscular coordination.

Conclusions:

  • A non-weight-bearing, velocity-focused warm-up is an effective and practical method for improving chest pass performance in basketball.
  • This warm-up strategy is accessible, requires no specialized equipment, and induces minimal fatigue.
  • It can be beneficial before competition or during inactivity to enhance upper-limb power and offensive capabilities.