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Cytocompatibility of calcium hydroxide medicament combined with cationic peptide - An in vitro study on L929
Shravan Kini1, M Praveen Kumar2, K Harish S Shetty1
1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Background:
Intracanal medication is recommended after the debridement of the canal to eliminate bacteria to prevent apical periodontitis. Combining calcium hydroxide (CH) with DJK-5 peptide will improve the penetration of medicament into root canal dentin.
Aim:
This study was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of a combination of DJK-5 peptide with CH on murine fibroblast cells.
Settings And Design:
This is an in vitro experimental study performed using the L929 fibroblast cells.
Materials And Methods:
L929 fibroblast cells were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium and administered with DJK-5 peptide at a concentration of 10 µg/mL, CH+ saline, CH+ 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 2% CHX, and CH+ DJK-5 for 24 h and 48 h. Cytotoxicity assessment of the treatments was carried out using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and Live/Dead assay by acridine orange and ethidium bromide dual-fluorescence staining.
Statistical Analysis:
One-way analysis of variance was used for group-wise comparison of cytotoxicity of the test compounds. Pairwise comparison between groups was analyzed by Tukey's test.
Results:
The DJK-5-treated group exhibited no cytotoxicity at 24 h and 48 h and exposure time points. Highest cytotoxicity was exerted by the 2% CHX-treated group, which increased when combined with CH, and the cytotoxicity increased with time. Combining the DJK-5 with CH reduced the cytotoxicity when compared to CH or CHX alone.
Conclusions:
At its used 2% concentration, CHX was found to exhibit high cytotoxicity. The least cytotoxicity was found in DJK-5-treated cells, and it also significantly alleviated the cytotoxicity rendered by CH treatment.
