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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
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Estradiol, Emotion Regulation, and the Limbic System: Effects on Gray Matter Volume.

Anna Franziska Denninger1, Elisa Rehbein2, Inger Sundström-Poromaa3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

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Estradiol (E2) increases negatively impact right striatal gray matter volume (GMV) in women. Emotion regulation strategies also influence striatal GMV, highlighting dynamic brain changes with hormonal shifts.

Keywords:
Emotion regulationEstradiolGonadal steroid hormonesMenstrual cycleNeostriatumRandomized controlled trial

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Hormonal fluctuations, especially estradiol (E2), affect emotion processing and mental health.
  • E2 influences limbic and striatal regions involved in emotion regulation, but causal evidence linking E2 to brain volume is limited.
  • Disentangling E2's impact on brain volume is challenging due to concurrent progesterone fluctuations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate the causal effects of estradiol (E2) on brain structure.
  • To investigate the relationship between E2 levels, emotion regulation, and gray matter volume (GMV).
  • To understand the impact of hormonal fluctuations on female brain health.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study design.
  • Oral estradiol (E2) administered to 27 naturally cycling females during the early follicular phase.
  • Analysis of emotion regulation strategies, E2 levels, and regional GMV.

Main Results:

  • A rapid increase in E2 was negatively associated with right striatal GMV.
  • Increased use of cognitive reappraisal correlated with reduced right striatal GMV.
  • No significant impact of rapid E2 increase on other limbic regions' GMV was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid E2 increases and individual emotion regulation strategies dynamically modulate striatal GMV.
  • Findings have implications for understanding female mental and brain health in relation to hormonal changes.
  • Incorporating female endocrine profiles into healthcare supports individualized medicine and hormone-informed care.