Spatial Pattern and Determinants of Inadequate Complementary Feeding Indicators Among Children Aged 6-23 Months in
Satyajit Kundu1,2, Shubhanjali Roy3, Rakhi Dey4
1Public Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia.
Insights
Inadequate complementary feeding practices are widespread in Bangladesh, particularly in the northeast. Addressing socioeconomic and geographic disparities is vital for improving child nutrition.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
- Spatial Epidemiology
Background:
- Inadequate complementary feeding practices (CFPs) are a major cause of child malnutrition and long-term health issues.
- Understanding the spatial distribution and contributing factors of poor feeding is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the spatial patterns and determinants of inadequate complementary feeding indicators (CFIs) in children aged 6-23 months in Bangladesh.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 2022 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) for 2578 children.
- Employed hot spot analysis, ordinary Kriging interpolation, and multilevel binary logistic regression.
Main Results:
- High prevalence of inadequate minimum dietary diversity (62.8%), minimum meal frequency (34.4%), and minimum acceptable diet (70.4%).
- Significant spatial clustering of inadequate feeding practices, with hot spots in the northeast (Sylhet) and cold spots in the southwest (Khulna).
- Younger children, those with uneducated parents, unemployed mothers, no media exposure, and lower household wealth faced higher risks.
Conclusions:
- Socioeconomic and maternal factors significantly influence suboptimal complementary feeding.
- Nationwide monitoring of CFIs and targeted policies are essential to reduce geographical and socioeconomic disparities in child nutrition.
Background And Aims:
Inadequate complementary feeding practices (CFPs) can lead to malnutrition among children and result in poor health outcomes throughout life. This study aimed to explore the spatial patterns and determinants of inadequate complementary feeding indicators (CFIs) among children aged 6-23 months in Bangladesh.
Methods:
We used data from the latest Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2022. Three CFIs: minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) were the outcome variables. Data from a weighted sample of 2578 children aged 6-23 months were included in this study. Hot spot analysis, ordinary Kriging interpolation, and multilevel binary logistic regression analyses were employed.
Results:
The overall prevalence of inadequate MDD, MMF, and MAD among children was 62.8%, 34.4%, and 70.4%, respectively. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the distributions of inadequate MDD, MMF, and MAD across Bangladesh were highly clustered. For all three outcomes, a significant hot spot of inadequate feeding practice was noticed in the northeast region (Sylhet) of Bangladesh, while the cold spot was in the Southwest Khulna division. Young children (6-11 months), children of parents having no formal education, mothers with no employment, no media exposure, and belonging to households with low wealth status had higher odds of having inadequate MDD, MMF, and MAD. In contrast, children of mothers who had more frequent antenatal care (ANC) visits were less likely to have inadequate MMF and MAD.
Conclusion:
Socioeconomic and maternal factors, such as low parental education, lack of maternal employment, limited media exposure, and lower household wealth, were significantly associated with suboptimal CFPs. Monitoring appropriate CFIs nationwide and implementing policies and programs to address geographical and socioeconomic disparities are crucial for ensuring optimal child nutrition.
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