Risk Factors and Pathogenic Bacteria Prevalence in Catheter-Associated Blood Stream Infection in Patients Undergoing...

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CABSI) pose a significant clinical and financial burden in nephrology.
• Hemodialysis (HD) patients are particularly vulnerable to CABSI due to central venous catheter use.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify clinical risk factors for CABSI in HD patients.
• To determine the prevalence of causative bacterial pathogens in CABSI among HD patients in Pakistan.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving 150 HD patients with CABSI at CMH Hospital, Multan.
• Data collected included clinical details and dual blood samples for culture.
• Analysis focused on identifying risk factors and prevalent pathogens.

Main Results:

• Gram-negative bacteria (55.33%) were more prevalent than Gram-positive bacteria (44.66%).
• Key pathogens identified were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.00%) and MRSA (16.67%).
• Modifiable risk factors included prolonged catheter use (>30 days), femoral site insertion, comorbidities, and anemia.

Conclusions:

• Prolonged catheter use and femoral insertion are significant modifiable risk factors for CABSI in HD patients.
• Targeted antimicrobial strategies and early arteriovenous fistula creation are recommended, especially in resource-limited settings.