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What defines a flood.

Mason Majszak1,2, Abdallah Zaki3, Omar Wani1

  • 1Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY USA.

Communications Earth & Environment
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study defines floods by their physical and normative properties, addressing conceptual challenges. It proposes a framework to resolve community disagreements on flood interventions, improving cross-disciplinary communication.

Keywords:
Environmental impactEnvironmental studiesHydrologyNatural hazardsWater resources

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Philosophy of Science
  • Social Science

Background:

  • The common understanding of 'flood' lacks formal demarcation, leading to conceptual challenges.
  • Existing definitions overlook normativity (how things ought to be) and rarity thresholds.
  • Disagreements in flood intervention strategies highlight a need for clearer conceptualization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conceptual space of floods, including physical and social components.
  • To propose a new demarcation framework for floods based on physical and normative properties.
  • To address interventional ambiguity and facilitate cross-disciplinary communication on flood phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of the term 'flood' and its common usage.
  • Integration of physical properties (water presence) with normative properties (rarity, desirability).
  • Development of a demarcation framework defining physical and anthropocentric floods.

Main Results:

  • Physical floods are defined as water beyond a normatively-specified rarity threshold.
  • Anthropocentric floods are physical floods deemed undesirable or desirable.
  • The framework explains community consensus issues (interventional ambiguity) regarding flood interventions.

Conclusions:

  • A dual demarcation framework (physical and normative) enhances flood concept clarity.
  • This approach can resolve interventional ambiguity and improve flood risk management discussions.
  • Refined flood concepts are crucial for effective cross-disciplinary collaboration and problem-solving.