Disability and innovation in virtual production: Towards an inclusive framework for accessible filmmaking

The increasing adoption of Virtual Production (VP) technologies in TV and film production may have the potential to offer expanded inclusivity, greater creativity, logistical advantages, and improved sustainability. This paper explores such claims in the context of diversity and inclusion, and the increasing attention being paid to issues of accessibility and inclusivity for d/Deaf, Disabled, and Neurodivergent (DDN) cast and crew within TV and film production. The paper presents a case study of We Dream of Nothing and Flying Without Wings, two test shoots that developed and implemented accessible VP working practices, addressing the access requirements of DDN cast and crew. These productions were conducted through cycles of co-developed participatory action research, as part of an industry-academia R&D collaboration, in which accessibility interventions were planned, implemented, observed, and reflected on collaboratively. Drawing on a case study, the paper proposes an emergent Inclusive Virtual Production Framework for accessibility, integrating inclusive practice across all stages of production, from pre-production and recruitment to on-set workflow. It documents a developing model of accessibility intervention in which the affordances of VP facilitate DDN inclusion centred on dignity, respect, and collaboration. The paper highlights practices that enable DDN talent and leadership on set, detailing the work and accessibility practices tested and developed across the two productions. Situated within broader debates of screen sector workforce inequality and equity, this paper addresses the long-standing underrepresentation of DDN individuals in both creative and technical roles. Despite many initiatives which have promoted diversity targets, truly inclusive working practices are yet to become standardised on set. In response, this paper proposes working practices that enable DDN inclusivity. As part of its knowledge equity approach, the paper offers first-person reflections on the process and the challenges from the project team. Finally, we summarise both the challenges and the significant opportunities presented by VP technologies to create thriving, equitable production environments.