Organic supramolecular assemblage-confined photoluminescence

Area of Science:

• Supramolecular Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Organic supramolecular hosts selectively bind functional molecules, enhancing luminescence via spatial confinement.
• Cucurbit[n]urils and cyclodextrins feature rigid cavities suitable for molecular encapsulation.
• Biomacromolecules like hyaluronic acid and chitosan can integrate into these systems.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review supramolecular luminescent systems built from macrocyclic hosts and biomacromolecules.
• To explore the mechanisms of luminescence enhancement through molecular confinement.
• To highlight diverse applications of these systems.

Main Methods:

• Focus on cucurbit[n]urils and cyclodextrins as primary hosts.
• Discuss the binding properties of hosts with guest molecules (charge-based interactions).
• Examine the integration of biomacromolecules through various bonding and modification strategies.

Main Results:

• Supramolecular systems demonstrate enhanced fluorescence and phosphorescence.
• These systems are successfully applied in near-infrared cell imaging, photodynamic therapy, and anti-counterfeiting.
• The review details the construction and properties of various supramolecular luminescent assemblies.

Conclusions:

• Organic supramolecular systems offer significant potential for advanced applications.
• Novel luminescent groups and macrocycles will drive future developments.
• Future applications include chiral systems, organic light-emitting diodes, and in vivo diagnostics.