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Case Series: clinical challenges in pediatric plastic bronchitis

Nouf Nasser Albalawi1,2,3, Dina Alafandi1,2,3, Ahmad Alessa4

  • 1King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|April 20, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Plastic bronchitis, a serious airway complication, affects children with congenital heart disease post-Fontan surgery. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care are crucial for managing these challenging bronchial casts.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Plastic bronchitis, or bronchial cast syndrome, is a rare complication.
  • It predominantly affects children with congenital heart disease, especially after Fontan-type surgeries.
  • Characterized by cohesive bronchial casts, it can cause life-threatening airway obstruction.
Abstract

Keywords:
Fontan procedurebronchial castcongenital heart diseasepediatricplastic bronchitis

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