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Dynamic Modeling and Control Analysis of a PTES System for Grid Support and Multi-Temperature Industrial Heat
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
|April 20, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a control strategy for a supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle system that provides grid energy storage and industrial heat. The system demonstrates robust performance, enabling integration of renewable energy with industrial thermal needs.
Area of Science:
- Energy Systems Engineering
- Thermodynamics
- Control Theory
Background:
- Industrial processes require reliable heat supply, often from fossil fuels.
- Integrating variable renewable electricity with industrial thermal demand is a significant challenge.
- Pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) offers a potential solution for energy management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and analyze a dynamic control strategy for a recuperated supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle PTES system.
- To enable simultaneous grid energy storage and multitemperature industrial heat delivery.
- To ensure safe, efficient, and flexible operation of the PTES system.
Main Methods:
- Development of a control-oriented dynamic model in MATLAB/Simulink.
- Incorporation of turbomachinery and finite-volume heat exchanger submodels.
- Design and simulation of control functions for antisurge, power tracking, inventory management, and startup/shutdown.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated robust transient performance with power-tracking settling times of 15-45 seconds.
- Achieved stable pressure and temperature regulation within 48s and 73s, respectively, during operating-point transitions.
- Validated the system's capability for reliable switching between thermodynamic configurations for multitemperature heat delivery.
Conclusions:
- The proposed control strategy ensures safe and efficient operation of the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle PTES system.
- The system effectively bridges variable renewable electricity supply with industrial thermal demand.
- Results provide operational ramp-rate constraints, supporting PTES feasibility for industrial applications.
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