Therapeutical progress in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Critical Care Medicine
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a severe complication of sepsis with high mortality.
• Understanding its complex pathogenesis is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of SCM pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.
• To propose an integrated mechanistic model for SCM reversibility.
• To categorize emerging therapies based on targeted pathological pathways.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of SCM pathogenesis, including inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and calcium handling.
• Analysis of conventional and emerging treatment strategies.
• Categorization of therapies by targeted pathways (inflammation, mitochondria, calcium).

Main Results:

• SCM pathogenesis involves a multifaceted interplay of inflammatory, metabolic, and calcium-handling abnormalities.
• An integrated model highlights the energy metabolism-calcium handling axis in SCM reversibility.
• Emerging therapies include drug repurposing, traditional Chinese medicine, small molecules, and nanomedicine.

Conclusions:

• Targeting specific pathological pathways (inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium dysregulation) offers promising therapeutic avenues for SCM.
• A phenotype-guided treatment framework and further clinical validation are essential.
• Precision medicine approaches hold potential for optimizing SCM patient outcomes.