Smart ROS-regulating biomimetic hydrogel promotes scarless diabetic wound healing via macrophage reprogramming

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Wound Healing Research

Background:

• Diabetic wound healing presents challenges due to varying therapeutic needs and poor drug delivery.
• The pathological microenvironment in diabetic wounds hinders effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a core-shell microfiber composite hydrogel (Bil) for programmed, stage-adaptive therapy in diabetic wound healing.
• To dynamically regulate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and immune microenvironment for enhanced healing.

Main Methods:

• Development of a core-shell microfiber composite hydrogel (Bil) inspired by steel-concrete structures.
• Utilizing laser irradiation to initiate antibacterial ROS generation.
• Incorporating stem cell-derived exosomes (Exos) and verteporfin for regenerative and anti-scarring effects.

Main Results:

• Bil demonstrated initial antibacterial ROS generation under laser irradiation.
• The hydrogel facilitated controlled release of Exos and ROS scavenging.
• Verteporfin successfully inhibited scar formation by blocking En1 activation.

Conclusions:

• The Bil platform offers spatiotemporal, stage-adaptive therapy for diabetic wound healing.
• Dynamic ROS modulation, immune regulation, and enhanced Exos delivery significantly improve healing outcomes.
• The developed hydrogel promotes scarless wound regeneration.