Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Thyroid Cancer Patients: A...

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Surgical Oncology
• Anesthesiology

Background:

• Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, with surgery as the primary treatment.
• Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) frequently complicates thyroid surgery, impacting recovery.
• Identifying PONV risk factors is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• Analyze risk factors for PONV in post-thyroid cancer surgery patients.
• Develop and validate a predictive model for PONV.
• Enhance clinical decision-making for PONV prevention.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 393 thyroid cancer patients.
• Multivariate logistic regression for model construction and nomogram development.
• Evaluation of model discrimination (ROC curves), calibration, and clinical utility (DCA).

Main Results:

• Overall PONV incidence was 29.01%.
• Predictive model included age (≥50), history of PONV/motion sickness, non-use of ondansetron, and delayed oral intake (>6 hours).
• Model showed good discrimination (AUC 0.76 training, 0.68 validation) and clinical applicability.

Conclusions:

• Age, prior PONV/motion sickness, ondansetron use, and delayed oral intake are significant PONV risk factors in thyroid cancer patients.
• The developed PONV prediction model demonstrates favorable discriminatory ability, calibration, and clinical utility.
• This model can assist clinicians in predicting and managing PONV risk post-thyroidectomy.