Transcriptome dataset of different carrot genotypes during various developmental stages of callus

Callus formation and differentiation are direct manifestation of plant cell totipotency, tightly regulated by key hormone signals and tissue-specific genes. Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is a widely cultivated vegetable with high economic and nutritional values, for which callus culture serves as the fundamental technique in rapid propagation and functional genomics. However, callus induction and differentiation efficiency vary substantially across carrot genotypes, and the underlying molecular regulatory networks remain poorly characterized. To investigate the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing callus development, a comparative transcriptomic dataset was generated from four Daucus carota lines characterized by distinct callus induction and differentiation capacities. Samples were collected at four time points during the callus culture process to obtain transcriptomic expression datasets. The RNA sequencing data were generated by MGI platform, yielded a total of 399.48 Gb of high-quality data (average 6 Gb per library, Q30 ≥ 97%). This transcriptome dataset serves as a core resource for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of dedifferentiation, stress adaptation, and totipotency in carrot callus, providing insights into plant cell plasticity and supporting comparative genomics and applications in crop regeneration. The raw sequencing data are publicly available in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) under the BioProject accession number PRJNA1398431.