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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices

Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices

Published on: March 27, 2019

Low-Cost Ambient Pressure Drying Approach for Highly Porous Nanomaterial Structures.

Erik Greve¹, Pia Pooker¹, Jan-Ole Stern¹

¹Functional Nanomaterials, Institute For Materials Science Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.

|April 20, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new, low-cost ambient drying method preserves porous nanostructures like graphene. This technique avoids the high costs and limitations of critical point drying, enabling scalable fabrication of advanced materials.

Keywords:

2D materials aerogel ambient drying critical point dryer drying mechanisms nanomaterials porous materials

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Drying highly porous materials is challenging due to capillary forces causing pore collapse.
Existing methods like critical point drying (CPD) are expensive, slow, and limit material size.
This hinders the scalable production of aerogels, membranes, and lightweight nanomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a simple, low-cost ambient drying technique for porous nanostructures.
To compare the efficacy of hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and tetramethylsilane (TMS) as drying agents.
To demonstrate the preservation of microstructure and scalability of the ambient drying method.

Main Methods:

Ambient temperature and pressure drying using low surface tension solvents (HMDS and TMS).
Characterization of porous graphene, MXene, PEDOT:PSS, MoS2, and TiO2 structures.
Measurement of mass and volume changes during drying to assess shrinkage and structural integrity.

Main Results:

HMDS effectively minimized capillary forces, preserving the microstructure of porous materials.
Achieved minimal shrinkage (1.3%) for graphene at ultralow density (0.018 g cm⁻³).
HMDS enabled the fabrication of large-scale (11 × 11 cm) graphene structures, surpassing CPD limitations.

Conclusions:

Ambient drying with HMDS offers a cost-effective and scalable alternative to CPD for porous nanostructures.
The method preserves material integrity and enables larger-scale fabrication.
This technique addresses a key bottleneck in producing advanced porous materials.