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Solution-Processed Nickel Oxide as Efficient Hole Transport Layers in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Zheng Wu1, Zeliang Qiu1,2, Yuxin Tao1
1College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, P. R. China.
Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|April 20, 2026
Summary
Solution-based nickel oxide (NiOx) is crucial for industrializing perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This review details four synthesis methods, highlighting optimization strategies and future research directions for efficient, stable, and low-cost PSCs.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Renewable Energy
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Nickel oxide (NiOx) is a key inorganic hole transport layer (HTL) for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
- Its properties, including energy-level alignment and charge transport, are vital for PSC efficiency and stability.
- Solution-based synthesis offers a scalable and cost-effective route for NiOx HTL fabrication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review mainstream solution-based synthesis techniques for NiOx HTLs.
- To analyze reaction mechanisms, processing features, film properties, and optimization strategies for each method.
- To identify challenges and recent advances in NiOx HTL development for PSCs.
Main Methods:
- Review of four solution-based NiOx synthesis methods: pre-synthesized nanoparticles, sol-gel, solution combustion, and chemical bath deposition.
- Analysis of material modification, process engineering, and structural design for performance enhancement.
- Discussion of challenges including large-area uniformity, rapid synthesis, and low-temperature processing.
Main Results:
- Detailed comparison of the four synthesis methods regarding mechanisms, film properties, and PSC performance.
- Identification of specific strategies to overcome synthesis challenges and improve device efficiency.
- Highlighting of recent material and process innovations for NiOx HTLs.
Conclusions:
- Solution-based NiOx synthesis is critical for advancing low-cost, high-performance perovskite solar cells.
- Further research is needed to address large-area uniformity, rapid processing, and low-temperature fabrication of high-quality NiOx films.
- Understanding the link between solution processes, microstructure, and device performance is essential for future development.
