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Impact of land use on bus driver inattentiveness: Insight into crash risks
Dev Singh Thakur1,2, Ravi Sekhar Chalumuri1,2, S Velmurugan1,2
1CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, PO CRRI, New Delhi, India.
Traffic Injury Prevention
|April 20, 2026
Summary
Roadside land use and time of day significantly impact bus driver inattention and crash severity on Indian highways. Daytime distraction and nighttime fatigue are key factors requiring targeted safety interventions.
Area of Science:
- Road Safety Engineering
- Transportation Science
- Human Factors Psychology
Background:
- Driver inattention is a major cause of road crashes.
- Roadside land use influences driver behavior and attention levels.
- Circadian rhythms affect driver alertness and performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of roadside land uses on bus driver inattention.
- To analyze the relationship between inattention events and crash severity.
- To identify temporal patterns of driver inattention and their impact on road safety.
Main Methods:
- AI-powered Driver Monitoring Systems (DMS) tracked inattention events in 33 bus drivers.
- High-resolution imagery analyzed roadside land uses within a 100m buffer.
- Crash data (2020-2022) integrated with inattention and land-use data.
- Statistical models (GLM, MLR) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) used for analysis.
- Spatial statistics (Moran's I, Getis-Ord Gi*) identified hotspots.
Main Results:
- Recreational, residential, and commercial land uses increased distraction and sleep-related inattention.
- Morning distraction predicted crash occurrence; nighttime sleep events correlated with severe injuries.
- ANN models identified daytime distraction and nighttime sleep hotspots.
- Inattention behaviors showed strong spatial dependence, unlike crash counts.
Conclusions:
- Driver inattention on highways is influenced by spatial context and time of day.
- Daytime distraction and nighttime fatigue are primary contributors to crash severity.
- Time-specific and location-targeted interventions are crucial for enhancing highway safety.
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