[Research progress in the pathogenic mechanisms and prevention and control of Clostridium perfringens]

Clostridium perfringens, a Gram-positive anaerobic clostridium, is a major zoonotic pathogen widely distributed in the soil, water sources, and food. It poses a severe threat to public health security and the livestock industry, since it is capable of causing various highly lethal diseases such as gas gangrene and necrotic enteritis, resulting in significant economic losses. This review systematically summarizes the biological characteristics, pathogenic mechanisms, epidemiological features, detection methods, and prevention and control strategies of this bacterium, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for the prevention and treatment of related infections.