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Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits01:12

Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits

787
In the domain of radio communication, the significance of impedance matching must be considered. It is crucial to ensure the efficient transmission of signals between radio transmitters and receivers. Achieving this balance involves using impedance-matching circuits, with one fundamental configuration comprising a resistor, capacitor, and inductor.
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...
787

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Updated: Apr 22, 2026

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Simple dual-slot L-shaped microstrip antenna for sub-6 GHz.

Nurul Inshirah Mohd Razali1, Norhudah Seman2, Nor Aishah Muhammad3

  • 1Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

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Summary

Simple L-shaped microstrip antennas are designed for fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) bands. These low-profile antennas offer efficient performance for 5G applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Antenna Theory
  • Wireless Communications

Background:

  • Fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) technology requires advanced antenna solutions for low- and mid-band frequencies.
  • Demand exists for simple, low-profile antennas that meet 5G specifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate simple dual-slot L-shaped microstrip antennas for 5G NR bands n28 (0.7 GHz), n1 (2.1 GHz), and n78 (3.5 GHz).
  • To achieve optimal antenna performance, including reflection coefficient (S11), gain, and efficiency, using slot modifications.

Main Methods:

  • Antenna designs based on fundamental microstrip formulas, incorporating rectangular slots on the patch and ground plane.
  • Simulation using CST Microwave Studio with Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate.
  • Validation through measurements using a vector network analyzer and an anechoic chamber.

Main Results:

  • Achieved reflection coefficient (S11) below -10 dB, with a minimum of -18.7 dB at 0.7 GHz.
  • Obtained approximately 2 dB gain, with a maximum of 2.4 dB at 3.5 GHz.
  • Demonstrated antenna efficiency surpassing 50%.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed simple dual-slot L-shaped microstrip antennas are suitable for low- and mid-band 5G NR applications.
  • The designs offer a balance of performance and simplicity for practical 5G device integration.