Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A unified post-quantum zero-trust architecture with AI-driven orchestration for secure healthcare fog networks.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Performance investigation of 160 Gb/s inter-satellite laser communication transmission system based on OFDM and PDM transmission with advanced signal processing techniques.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

From Conventional Methods to Innovation: Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acid Extraction and Quantification in the Rise of Smart and Green Techniques-A Systematic Review.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Enhanced detection of network intrusions and anomalies in internet of things applications using a hybrid artificial intelligence model combining CNN and LSTM.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Meta-Gamofy: Automated Metaverse Gaming for Healthcare Conditions.

Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

Intelligent Control of Magnetic Ball Suspension Systems via a Novel Hyperbolic Tangent PID Controller Tuned by the Artificial Lemming Algorithm.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

Published on: November 22, 2019

Text encryption using Sosemanuk and Harris Hawks optimization by laser communication.

Mohammed Salih Mahdi¹, Russul M Shehab², Hayder Najm³

¹Business Informatics College , University of Information Technology and Communications , Baghdad, Iraq. mohammed.salih@uoitc.edu.iq.

Scientific Reports

|April 20, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a lightweight encryption method for Internet of Things devices, combining the Sosemanuk cipher with optical Morse code for secure, energy-efficient communication. The system achieves high randomness and an encryption throughput of 82.78 KB/s, suitable for resource-constrained applications.

Keywords:

Harris Hawks optimization Laser communication Morse code Optical wireless communication Physical layer security Sosemanuk stream cipher

More Related Videos

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

Published on: November 22, 2019

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

Area of Science:

Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
Cryptography

Background:

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded devices necessitates secure and energy-efficient communication protocols.
Conventional cryptographic algorithms often exceed the computational capacity of resource-constrained devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a lightweight encryption system for resource-constrained devices.
To enhance communication security and energy efficiency in IoT applications.

Main Methods:

A hybrid approach combining the Sosemanuk stream cipher with physical layer encoding.
Session-dependent key candidates generated using the Harris Hawks Optimization algorithm.
Encryption followed by International Morse code encoding for optical wireless communication via a laser diode.

Main Results:

The system demonstrates high randomness and a 50.35% avalanche effect, indicating strong cryptographic properties.
Low bit dependency correlation (0.0366) confirmed by NIST SP 800-22 statistical tests.
Achieved an encryption throughput of 82.78 KB/s, proving computational efficiency.

Conclusions:

The proposed system offers a feasible and secure solution for low-power IoT devices.
The integration of lightweight cryptography and optical communication enhances device security and extends operational life.