Clinical Work Experiences of Nurses Returning to Work Postpartum: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Meta-Synthesis

Area of Science:

• Nursing
• Healthcare Management
• Qualitative Research

Background:

• The global nursing shortage necessitates retaining experienced clinicians.
• The postpartum return to clinical practice is a critical yet vulnerable transition period for nurses.
• Lived experiences of nurses during postpartum reintegration require synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and synthesize qualitative evidence on the clinical work experiences of nurses returning to work after childbirth.
• To identify factors influencing successful postpartum reintegration for nurses.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies.
• Comprehensive search across multiple databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, etc.).
• Thematic synthesis of findings from 19 included studies, guided by ENTREQ and PRISMA standards.

Main Results:

• Identified 3 main themes from 76 findings: challenges of professional reintegration, physical/psychological strain, and the need for a multilayered support ecosystem.
• Postpartum return involves multidimensional strain and identity negotiation.
• Successful transition relies on a coherent support system.

Conclusions:

• Retention of postpartum nurses depends on a comprehensive support ecosystem, including structural enablers and interpersonal support.
• Flexible work policies, lactation facilities, and tailored reintegration pathways are essential.
• Nurse managers must implement supportive structural policies and foster empathetic cultures to retain experienced nurses.