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What Cues Do Laypeople Use to Detect Alcohol and Cannabis Intoxication?

Erica Martin1,2, Kate Haldane1, Hayley J Cullen3,4

  • 1Speciality of Addiction Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Drug and Alcohol Review
|April 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Laypeople can identify some signs of alcohol and cannabis intoxication, but knowledge gaps persist, particularly for cannabis. Improving education on intoxication cues is crucial for safety in various settings.

Keywords:
alcoholcannabisintoxication detectionobservation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Forensic Science

Background:

  • Alcohol and drug use are prevalent in Australia.
  • Laypeople experience difficulties in accurately observing and identifying intoxication in others.
  • Understanding the cues used for intoxication detection is vital for public safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cues laypeople utilize to detect alcohol and cannabis intoxication.
  • To explore whether inaccuracies in knowledge contribute to challenges in intoxication detection.
  • To assess the accuracy of self-reported intoxication detection cues.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was administered to 467 participants assessing familiarity and use of alcohol and cannabis.
  • Participants reported cues used to detect intoxication and rated detection difficulty.
  • Reported cues were evaluated for accuracy, and participant characteristics were analyzed as predictors of cue accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Alcohol intoxication detection was generally perceived as easy, whereas cannabis intoxication detection difficulty varied.
  • Most reported cues for both alcohol and cannabis intoxication were accurate, though non-responses were frequent.
  • Fewer accurate cues were provided for cannabis intoxication compared to alcohol; lower frequency cannabis use correlated with higher cue accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate intoxication assessment is critical in high-risk environments like healthcare, criminal justice, and safety-sensitive workplaces.
  • While some accurate cues exist, significant knowledge gaps, especially concerning cannabis, were identified.
  • Enhanced education on a broader range of intoxication cues could improve detection accuracy and public safety.