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Unusual Nonlinear Optical Absorption Dispersion in a:SiNx Aperiodic Photonic Structures.

Albin Kuriakose1,2, Pankaj Srivastava2, G Vijaya Prakash1

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Summary

Researchers observed unique nonlinear optical effects in a silicon nitride microcavity. This study reveals a switch from saturable absorption to reverse saturable absorption, offering new ways to control light.

Keywords:
TMM simulationsaperiodic 1D photonic crystalnonlinear optical switchingstrong optical field confinementthird-order nonlinearityunusual nonlinear absorption

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Materials science
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Photonic crystals confine light, influencing light-matter interactions for optical device applications.
  • Nonstoichiometric amorphous silicon nitride (a:SiNₓ) layers with contrasting properties enable the creation of aperiodic microcavities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nonlinear optical responses of a spatially inhomogeneous quasi-periodic a:SiNₓ microcavity under intense femtosecond laser propagation.
  • To understand the switching mechanism between different nonlinear absorption regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of aperiodic microcavities using Si-rich and N-rich a:SiNₓ layers.
  • Probing the photonic miniband region with high-intensity femtosecond laser (740-900 nm).
  • Wavelength-dependent and angle-resolved studies at the miniband edge (~750 nm).
  • Optical field simulations and comparative studies with periodic microcavities.

Main Results:

  • Observed anomalous switching from one-photon-induced saturable absorption (SA) to two-photon-induced reverse saturable absorption (RSA) near the photonic miniband edge.
  • Demonstrated that fractal defect energies in N-rich a:SiNₓ layers coupled with photonic confinement expedite this nonlinear optical switching.
  • Optical simulations confirmed the unusual nonlinearities and supported the role of fractal effects.

Conclusions:

  • Fractal effect-induced resonant photonic modes in aperiodic microcavities lead to unpredictable nonlinear optical responses.
  • This study establishes a novel route for photon manipulation and control, modulating photonic device capabilities.
  • Provides insights into geometrical influences on photonic modes and nonlinear optical responses.