Future Adaptations of Psychosocial Program for Indonesian Pregnant Adolescents: A Research Synthesis

Adolescent pregnancy is a persistent global challenge, often accompanied by elevated risks of depression, anxiety, and social isolation. Despite growing international attention, evidence-based psychosocial interventions targeting pregnant adolescents remain limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Indonesia. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on psychosocial and mental-health interventions for pregnant adolescents aged 10-19 years and considers implications for Indonesian policy and practice. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement. Searches of PubMed and Scopus covered 2015-2025. Eight eligible studies were identified. Results indicate that psychosocial interventions, such as mHealth programs, task-sharing models, and human-centered designs, effectively improve adolescent maternal mental health, reducing distress and enhancing bonding. Studies highlight the need for scalable interventions embedded in primary care, especially in resource-limited settings like Indonesia. This review underscores the importance of culturally relevant, integrated care models. It is crucial to engage families and use hybrid delivery models for sustained engagement. Programs combining digital tools with in-person care showed high acceptability but modest behavioral changes. Future research should focus on long-term effectiveness and impact of collaborative care models to enhance outcomes for adolescent mothers.