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Related Concept Videos

Immunofluorescence Microscopy01:12

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A fluorescence microscope uses fluorescent chromophores called fluorochromes, which can absorb energy from a light source and then emit this energy as visible light. Fluorochromes include naturally fluorescent substances (such as chlorophylls) and fluorescent stains that are added to the specimen to create contrast. Dyes such as Texas red and FITC are examples of fluorochromes. Other examples include the nucleic acid dyes 4’,6’-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and acridine orange.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Fluorescence-quenching of a Liposomal-encapsulated Near-infrared Fluorophore as a Tool for In Vivo Optical Imaging
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Activatable Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes for Immune Cell Imaging.

Keyang Li1, Shaobin Wu1, Hang Zheng1

  • 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Activatable near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging enhances immune cell tracking in cancer immunotherapy. These probes improve signal-to-noise ratio for better monitoring of immune cells in vivo.

Keywords:
activatable near-infrared probesdisease diagnosisfluorescence imagingimmune cell imagingimmune cellsimmunotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical imaging
  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • Molecular probes

Background:

  • Immune cell therapy shows promise for cancer treatment.
  • In vivo immune cell tracking is crucial for research and clinical applications.
  • Conventional fluorescence imaging faces limitations in sensitivity and tissue penetration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review activatable near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging probes for immune cell monitoring.
  • To summarize activation mechanisms and synthetic strategies.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on activatable NIR probes.
  • Analysis of probe activation mechanisms (e.g., biomarker triggering).
  • Discussion of synthetic approaches for probe development.

Main Results:

  • Activatable NIR probes offer improved sensitivity and depth penetration compared to conventional methods.
  • These probes minimize background noise by remaining quenched until activated by specific biomarkers.
  • Successful application in monitoring immune cells in vivo was highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Activatable NIR probes significantly enhance immune cell tracking for cancer immunotherapy.
  • Overcoming challenges in target identification is key for further development.
  • Advancements in these probes are vital for optimizing clinical immunotherapy outcomes.