[Exploring the role of generative artificial intelligence in primary and secondary health-related prevention in...

The rapid development of artificial intelligence in recent years has opened new dimensions in access to health-related information and in individual health management. As a result, an increasing number of people are turning to digital tools to support lifestyle-related decisions or to obtain information on preventive measures and screening examinations.

The aim of our study was to investigate the extent to which individuals use the ChatGPT service in relation to primary and secondary prevention.

To address this aim, we employed a self-developed questionnaire consisting of four sections and data on participants' key demographic characteristics, internet usage habits, health literacy, as well as their attitudes toward, knowledge of, and behavioral patterns related to the use of ChatGPT.

This initial pilot testing was conducted with the participation of 112 respondents. The majority of participants were females (83.0%, n = 93), with a mean age of 33.99 years. Regarding internet usage, most respondents reported using the internet on an hourly basis (78.6%, n = 88). With respect to the impact on health-related decision-making, the sample demonstrated a heterogeneous pattern. Overall, 17.86% of respondents reported that the use of artificial intelligence had a distinctly positive influence on their decisions related to a healthy lifestyle and participation in screening examinations.

The pilot application and initial testing of the questionnaire developed by our research group were successfully completed, examining the preventive use of large language models in our sample.

While the present findings are suitable for exploring early patterns of technology use, future studies are planned to apply the questionnaire to larger and more heterogeneous samples. Orv Hetil. 2026; 167(16): 628-636.