Uridine diphosphate glucose reduces embryonic and diet-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in chickens

Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome (FLHS) is a prevalent metabolic disease in poultry, marked by severe fat buildup in the liver that compromises health and productivity. To investigate the effects of uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) on hepatic lipid metabolism in chickens, this study employed online software to predict UDPG binding to the lipid synthesis regulator site-1 protease (S1P) protein. Subsequent administration via allantoic membrane injections (AMI) and amniotic cavity injections (ACI) during embryonic development demonstrated that UDPG significantly reduced hepatic triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels by downregulating key lipogenic genes. Furthermore, in adult chickens subjected to high-fat diet (HFD), UDPG injection significantly lowered plasma and hepatic TG concentrations, suppressed the expression of key lipogenic genes, enhanced hepatic antioxidant capacity, and inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. These findings demonstrate that UDPG reduces hepatic lipid accumulation and improves lipid metabolism disorders in chickens, indicating its potential as a therapeutic candidate for alleviating hepatic steatosis and FLHS.