Immune-related gene expression profiling and alectinib efficacy for patients with ALK-Rearranged non-small cell lung

Takashi Kurosaki1, Shinichiro Suzuki1, Yasutaka Watanabe2

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Sakai, Japan.

Abstract

Insights

CD8+ T cell infiltration in ALK-rearranged NSCLC may predict alectinib response. Combining anti-angiogenic therapies with alectinib or ICIs could improve outcomes for these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Resistance to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors and poor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are challenges in ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • Understanding the tumor microenvironment is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate immune-related gene expression profiles (irGEP) in ALK-rearranged NSCLC.
  • To explore potential therapeutic avenues by assessing tumor microenvironment characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of tumor samples from 52 patients in the ALCURE trial.
  • Immune-related gene expression profiling using a panel of 750 immune-related genes.

Main Results:

  • High CD8A expression correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (SNAI1 upregulation, CDH1 downregulation).
  • High CD8A tumors showed reduced expression of angiogenesis-related genes (ANGPT2, FLT1), suggesting a quiescent angiogenic state.
  • A trend towards longer progression-free survival on alectinib was observed in patients with high CD8A expression, though not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • CD8+ T cell infiltration is potentially associated with alectinib efficacy in ALK-rearranged NSCLC.
  • Anti-angiogenic therapies may enhance antitumor immunity, improving the efficacy of alectinib and ICIs in these tumors.