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Related Concept Videos

Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

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Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
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P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

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A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
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Energy Stored in Capacitors01:10

Energy Stored in Capacitors

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A parallel plate capacitor, when connected to a battery, develops a potential difference across its plates. This potential difference is key to the operation of the capacitor, as it determines how much electrical energy the capacitor can store.
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
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Energy Stored in Inductors01:16

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An inductor is ingeniously crafted to accumulate energy within its magnetic field. This field is a direct result of the current that meanders through its coiled structure. When this current maintains a steady state, there is no detectable voltage across the inductor, prompting it to mimic the behavior of a short circuit when faced with direct current.
In terms of gauging the energy stored within an inductor, it is equivalent to the integral of the power delivered at every individual moment, all...
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Energy Stored in a Capacitor01:12

Energy Stored in a Capacitor

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When an archer pulls the string in a bow, he saves the work done in the form of elastic potential energy. When he releases the string, the potential energy is released as kinetic energy of the arrow. A capacitor works on the same principle in which the work done is saved as electric potential energy. The potential energy (UC) could be calculated by measuring the work done (W) to charge the capacitor.
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Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

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The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Experimental System of Solar Adsorption Refrigeration with Concentrated Collector
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Anchoring phase change interface enhances solar thermal energy storage.

Qiao Xu1, Jingwen Zhu2, Yan Wang3

  • 1School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.

Science Bulletin
|April 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel composite phase change particles (CPCPs) for solar thermal energy storage. Anchoring the phase change interface in circulating particles enables rapid, efficient, and continuous solar thermal charging, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.

Keywords:
Core-shell phase change particlesPhase change interfaceSolar thermal energy storage

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Solar thermal energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs) is crucial for decarbonization but suffers from declining charging rates due to interface recession.
  • Conventional PCMs face challenges with increasing thermal resistance as the solid-liquid interface moves away from the heat source.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel solar thermal energy storage system that overcomes the limitations of diffusion-limited charging.
  • To achieve rapid, efficient, and continuous solar thermal charging by anchoring the phase change interface.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of core-shell composite phase change particles (CPCPs) with a photothermal MnFe2O4 shell and a high-conductivity MgO/h-BN/NaCl-KCl core.
  • Utilizing a dynamic circulation system to continuously renew the irradiated surface of the CPCPs.
  • Characterization of particle properties including solar absorptance, thermal conductivity, and energy storage density.

Main Results:

  • CPCPs achieved a solar absorptance of 91.1% and an effective thermal conductivity of 6.84 W m−1 K−1.
  • The system demonstrated a solar thermal storage efficiency of 49.7%, a 26-fold improvement over conventional methods.
  • A charging power of 0.54 kW was achieved under 1.08 kW solar input, showcasing continuous energy storage.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CPCPs and dynamic circulation system enable a paradigm shift to an "interface-anchoring" mode for solar thermal energy storage.
  • This approach significantly enhances charging efficiency and rate, offering a promising solution for sustainable energy solutions.
  • The study highlights the potential for scalable and efficient solar thermal energy storage through innovative material design and system engineering.