Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

5.8K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.8K
Genomics02:02

Genomics

35.1K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
35.1K
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

11.5K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
11.5K
Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

Evolution of Microbial Genome

87
Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.
87
Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes02:19

Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes

3.1K
A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
3.1K
Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

16.5K
The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
16.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fungal Pathogen Activity and Stress-Dependent Responses of Grapevine Wood to Esca and Drought.

Physiologia plantarum·2026
Same author

Haplotype graph analysis of PdR1 uncovers resistance diversity to Pierce's disease in Vitis arizonica and its hybrids.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2026
Same author

Phased epigenomics and methylation inheritance in a historical Vitis vinifera hybrid.

Genome biology·2025
Same author

Intraspecies sequence-graph analysis of the Phytophthora theobromicola genome reveals a dynamic structure and variable effector repertoires.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2025
Same author

Dissection of the Ren6 and Ren7 powdery mildew resistance loci in Vitis piasezkii DVIT2027 using phased parental-progeny genomes and intraspecific locus graph reconstruction.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2025
Same author

Dual Single-Nucleus Gene Expression Atlas of Grapevine and <i>Erysiphe necator</i> During Early Powdery Mildew Infection.

Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI·2025
Same journal

Evolution of CTCF binding sites in the human genome.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

Recent plastid replacement in Karlodinium ballantinum (Kareniaceae, Dinoflagellata) challenges the paradigms of endosymbiotic gene transfer.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

Segmentally Duplicated Regulatory Elements Undergo Human-Specific Rewiring.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

The life history of recessive deleterious alleles as seen through the eyes of a honey bee (Apis mellifera).

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

Severe bottleneck of ancient Homo populations: Insights from computational modeling and relevant fossil evidence.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

Population Epigenetics: Deciphering DNA Methylation Diversity and its Implications for Health, Disease, and Evolution.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
08:09

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics

Published on: June 17, 2012

23.1K

From structural pangenomes to functional panomics in plants.

Noé Cochetel1, Dario Cantu1,2

  • 1Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|April 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant pangenome research has evolved to graph-based models, preserving genetic diversity. These advanced frameworks reveal evolutionary dynamics and improve multi-omics integration for plant genomics.

Keywords:
panNLRomepanepigenomicspangenomepanomicspantranscriptomicssequence graph

More Related Videos

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing
12:33

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: July 28, 2017

11.7K
Co-expression of Multiple Chimeric Fluorescent Fusion Proteins in an Efficient Way in Plants
09:45

Co-expression of Multiple Chimeric Fluorescent Fusion Proteins in an Efficient Way in Plants

Published on: July 1, 2018

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
08:09

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics

Published on: June 17, 2012

23.1K
Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing
12:33

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: July 28, 2017

11.7K
Co-expression of Multiple Chimeric Fluorescent Fusion Proteins in an Efficient Way in Plants
09:45

Co-expression of Multiple Chimeric Fluorescent Fusion Proteins in an Efficient Way in Plants

Published on: July 1, 2018

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Plant genomics
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Understanding plant genome evolution requires methods capturing full allelic and structural variation.
  • Plant pangenomes have advanced from linear gene sets to haplotype-resolved graphs, preserving population diversity.
  • Graph-based systems reduce reference bias and facilitate multi-omics integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review plant pangenome paradigms and their evolutionary implications.
  • To synthesize patterns of core and variable gene compartments.
  • To illustrate graph-based framework applications in evolutionary and functional genomics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pangenome construction, mapping, and variant analysis tradeoffs.
  • Synthesis of core and variable gene compartment patterns.
  • Case studies using panNLRomes and crop domestication.

Main Results:

  • Haplotype-resolved graphs preserve allelic and structural diversity across plant populations.
  • Transposable elements, gene duplication, and selection shape contrasting evolutionary dynamics of gene compartments.
  • Graph-based frameworks clarify evolutionary signals obscured by single references, like resistance loci dynamics and domestication-associated structural variants.

Conclusions:

  • Plant pangenome research has transitioned to sophisticated graph models.
  • Graph-based frameworks are crucial for understanding genome evolution and integrating multi-omics data.
  • Emerging applications in pantranscriptomics and panepigenomics show future potential, despite methodological challenges.