Surgical Management of Ovarian Masses in the Paediatric Population: Current Practices and Future Directions

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Surgery
• Gynecologic Oncology
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Ovarian lesions in children are rare, encompassing both non-neoplastic and neoplastic types.
• Neoplastic ovarian lesions in pediatric patients are predominantly benign, with mature teratomas being the most frequent subtype.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current surgical management strategies for pediatric ovarian lesions.
• To highlight recent advancements and research findings in the surgical treatment of these conditions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on surgical techniques for pediatric ovarian lesions.
• Analysis of current recommendations for benign versus potentially malignant ovarian masses.
• Emphasis on minimally invasive and ovary-sparing approaches.

Main Results:

• Ovary-sparing, minimally invasive surgery, including robot-assisted procedures, is recommended for benign ovarian lesions.
• Laparotomy with complete tumor excision, oophorectomy, and staging is indicated when malignancy is suspected.
• Accurate lesion evaluation and prompt diagnosis are crucial.

Conclusions:

• Current surgical management prioritizes fertility preservation in pediatric patients with ovarian lesions.
• Tailored surgical approaches based on lesion nature (benign vs. malignant) are essential.
• Advancements in minimally invasive techniques enhance outcomes for benign ovarian conditions.