Trends in Kidney Stone Prevalence Among United States Adults With Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study From the NHANES...

This study aimed to estimate the trends in the prevalence of kidney stones among adults with diabetes in the United States from 2007 to 2020 and to examine sex- and race/ethnicity-specific differences.

This study analyzed 31,116 adult participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2020. Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between diabetes and kidney stones, and survey-weighted linear regression was used to evaluate temporal trends overall and across subgroups defined by sex and race/ethnicity.

Diabetes was associated with higher odds of kidney stones (OR = 1.63, p < 0.001). Between 2007 and 2020, the prevalence of both diabetes and kidney stones increased significantly among US adults (both p for trend <0.05). In subgroup analyses by sex and race, diabetes prevalence increased significantly over time among men and non-Hispanic Whites (both P for trend <0.05). Among adults with diabetes, kidney stone prevalence increased from 14.3% to 16.1% (p for trend = 0.446). Among men with diabetes, kidney stone prevalence changed from 16.6% to 20.2% (p for trend = 0.527), whereas among women with diabetes, it changed from 11.8% to 12.8% (p for trend = 0.848). By race/ethnicity, among diabetic Hispanics, kidney stone prevalence significantly increased from 8.7% to 14.8% (p for trend = 0.017). Non-Hispanic White adults with diabetes had the highest kidney stone prevalence (17.4% to 21.7%, p for trend = 0.468), and non-Hispanic Black adults with diabetes changed from 7.7% to 6.9% (p for trend = 0.775).

From 2007 to 2020, the diabetes prevalence significantly increased. Kidney stone prevalence increased significantly among Hispanic adults with diabetes and remained high among men with diabetes and non-Hispanic White adults with diabetes. These subgroups may warrant targeted prevention and clinical attention.