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Emphysematous endometritis following postpartum uterine artery embolization: A case report

David Nai1, Nazanin Kiani Fard1, Elza Matrova2

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Illinois Chicago, 840 S Wood St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Case Reports in Women'S Health
|April 22, 2026
PubMed

Emphysematous endometritis is a rarely described clinical entity. The present report describes the case of a 44 -year-old woman who presented 2 weeks postpartum with abdominal pain, malodorous vaginal discharge, fever, and paresthesia in the setting of uterine embolization. Imaging showed emphysematous changes in the wall of the uterus. Histology of the hysterectomy sample showed acute suppurative myometritis, subserosal neutrophilic infiltrates, and emphysematous air pockets; these were accompanied by embolic material, bacterial clumps, and granulation tissue. Her recovery from the hysterectomy was without further complications.

Keywords:
Anaerobic bacteriaEmphysematous endometritisPostpartum endometritisUterine artery embolization

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