Cell-embedded microgels as emerging miniature 3D tissue-mimics toward biochip-based toxicity screening

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Biomaterials Science
• Toxicology

Background:

• Advancements in synthetic 3D gel microenvironments enable bioengineered organ-specific cell niches.
• 3D cell cultures using hydrogel scaffolds are increasingly used for toxicological analyses.
• These systems offer facile adaptability to on-chip applications as in vitro screening tools.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize progress in microgel-based 3D cell cultures integrated into biochip platforms.
• To review their utilization for in vitro toxicity evaluation of chemicals and drug candidates.
• To highlight tissue-mimicking microgel systems combined with automated chips and organ-on-a-chip devices.

Main Methods:

• Encapsulation of mammalian cells within microscale hydrogel scaffolds.
• Development of tissue-mimicking microgel systems.
• Integration of microgel systems with automated gel microarray chips and organ-on-a-chip devices.

Main Results:

• Microgel-based 3D cell cultures provide in vitro tissue mimicry.
• These systems are effective for toxicity testing and screening of chemicals and drug candidates.
• Technical advantages are noted for drug discovery and as alternatives to animal testing.

Conclusions:

• Microgel-based 3D cell cultures in biochip platforms represent a significant advancement in in vitro toxicity evaluation.
• These tissue-mimicking systems offer a promising avenue for efficient drug discovery and reducing animal testing.
• The integration of microgels with organ-on-a-chip technology is key to developing next-generation screening tools.